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| 1 | Less common etiologies of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency显示文摘Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency(EPI), an important cause of maldigestion and malabsorption, results from primary pancreatic diseases or secondarily impaired exocrine pancreatic function. Besides cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis, the most common etiologies of EPI, other causes of EPI include unresectable pancreatic cancer, metabolic diseases(diabetes); impaired hormonal stimulation of exocrine pancreatic secretion by cholecystokinin(CCK); celiac or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) due to loss of intestinal brush border proteins; and gastrointestinal surgery(asynchrony between motor and secretory functions, impaired enteropancreatic feedback, and inadequate mixing of pancreatic secretions with food). This paper reviews such conditions that have less straightforward associations with EPI and examines the role of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy(PERT). Relevant literature was identified by database searches. Most patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer develop EPI(66%-92%). EPI occurs in patients with type 1(26%-57%) or type 2 diabetes(20%-36%) and is typically mild to moderate; by definition, all patients with type 3 c(pancreatogenic) diabetes have EPI. EPI occurs in untreated celiac disease(4%-80%), but typically resolves on a gluten-free diet. EPI manifests in patients with IBD(14%-74%) and up to 100% of gastrointestinal surgery patients(47%-100%; dependent on surgical site). With the paucity of published studies on PERT use for these conditions, recommendations for or against PERT use remain ambiguous. The authors conclude that there is an urgent need to conduct robust clinical studies to understand the validity and nature of associations between EPI and medical conditions beyond those with proven mechanisms, and examine the potential role for PERT. | Vikesh K Singh Mark E Haupt David E Geller Jerry A Hall Pedro M Quintana Diez | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，39： | 5 |
| 2 | Age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factor profile:A pooled analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes(T2D)in younger adults,an increasingly common public health issue,is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality,which may be due to a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile in individuals diagnosed at a younger age.AIM To investigate the association between age at diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with T2D.METHODS A pooled dataset was used,comprised of data from five previous studies of adults with T2D,including 1409 participants of whom 196 were diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 years.Anthropometric and blood biomarker measurements included body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat percentage,glycaemic control(HbA1c),lipid profile and blood pressure.Univariable and multivariable linear regression models,adjusted for diabetes duration,sex,ethnicity and smoking status,were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis and each cardiovascular risk factor.RESULTS A higher proportion of participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 were female,current smokers and treated with glucose-lowering medications,compared to participants diagnosed later in life.Participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 also had higher body weight,BMI,waist circumference and body fat percentage,in addition to a more adverse lipid profile,compared to participants diagnosed at an older age.Modelling results showed that each one year reduction in age at diagnosis was significantly associated with 0.67 kg higher body weight[95%confidence interval(CI):0.52-0.82 kg],0.18 kg/m^(2) higher BMI(95%CI:0.10-0.25)and 0.32 cm higher waist circumference(95%CI:0.14-0.49),after adjustment for duration of diabetes and other confounders.Younger age at diagnosis was also significantly associated with higher HbA1c,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of T2D earlier in life is associated with a worse cardiovascular risk factor profile,compared to those diagnosed later in life. | Mary M Barker Francesco Zaccardi Emer M Brady Gaurav S Gulsin Andrew P Hall Joseph Henson Zin ZinHtike Kamlesh Khunti Gerald P McCann Emma L Redman David R Webb Emma G Wilmot Tom Yates Jian Yeo Melanie J Davies Jack A Sargeant | 2022 | World Journal of Diabetes2022，13，3： | 2 |
| 3 | 胆固醇酯转移蛋白基因的蛋白质截断型变异体与冠状动脉性心脏病风险的关系显示文摘随机对照试验结果表明,抑制胆固醇酯转运蛋白(cholesteryl ester transfer protein,CETP)的疗法并不能降低冠状动脉性心脏病(coronary heart disease,CHD)的发生风险。研究失败的可能原因包括靶目标无效、靶目标外小分子的不良反应和随机对照设计因素影响等。在编码药物靶点的基因中具有天然存在的遗传变异,以此为基础,人类研究可以深入了解针对基因产物的治疗的潜在功效和安全性。 | Nomura A Won HH Khera AV Takeuchi F Ito K McCarthy S Emdin CA Klarin D Natarajan P Zekavat SM Gupta N Peloso GM Borecki IB Teslovich TM Asselta R Duga S Merlini PA Correa A Kessler T Wilson JG Bown MJ Hall AS Braund PS Carey DJ Murray MF Kirchner HL Leader JB Lavage DR Manus JN Hartze DN Samani NJ Schunkert H Marrugat J Elosua R McPherson R Farrall M Watkins H Juang JJ Hsiung CA Lin SY Wang JS Tada H Kawashiri MA Inazu A Yamagishi M Katsuya T Nakashima E Nakatochi M Yamamoto K Yokota M Momozawa Y Rotter JI Lander ES Rader DJ Danesh J Ardissino D Gabriel S Willer CJ Abecasis GR Saleheen D Kubo M Kato N Ida Chen YD Dewey FE Kathiresan S 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，9： | 2 |
| 4 | A new approach to using anisotropically conductive adhesives for flip-chip assembly显示文摘 | Lyons A M Hall E Wong Y H | 1996 | IEEE Trans Compon Packg Manuf Techn Part A1996，19，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Detection of Eperythrozoon suis DNA from swine blood by whole organism DNA hybridizations显示文摘 | Oberst R D Hall S M Schoneweis D A | 1990 | Vet Microb1990，24，： | 1 |
| 6 | Objective methods for registration landmarks and determining cloud motions from satellite data显示文摘 | Endlich R M Wolf D E and Brain A E | 1972 | IEEE Trans1972，21，： | 1 |
| 7 | Embryo- growth rate and duration in sunflower as affected by tem- perature显示文摘 | CHIMENTI C A Hall A J SOL LOAPEZ M | 2001 | Field Crops Research2001，69，： | 1 |
| 8 | Recent developments in inductively coupled plasma magnetic sector multiple collector mass spectrometry 显示文摘 | Halliday A N Lee D C Christensen J N Walder A J Freedman P A Jones C E Hall C M Yi W Teagle D | 1995 | Int J Mass Spec Ion Proc1995，，： | 1 |
| 9 | The emergence of life from iron monosulphide bubbles at a subnarine hydrothermal redox and pH front显示文摘 | Russell M Hall A | 1997 | Journal of Geological Society1997，154，： | 1 |
| 10 | Remodeling of the pulmonary arteries during recovery from pulmonary hypertension induced by neonatal hypoxia显示文摘 | Hall S M Hislop A A Wu Z S | 2004 | J Pahtol2004，203，： | 1 |
| 11 | Use of single and combined antit-hrombotic therapy and risk of serious upper gastrointestinal bleeding,population based case-control study显示文摘 | Halls J Dell M Andrei A et a1 | 2006 | BMJ2006，333，7571： | 1 |
| 12 | Integrated marine cultivation of Gracilaria chilensis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) and salmon cages for reduced environmental impact and increased economic output显示文摘 | Troell M Halling C Nilsson A | 1997 | Aquaculture1997，156，： | 1 |
| 13 | Noroviruses: a Compre- hensive Review显示文摘 | Patel M M Hall A J Vinje J | 2009 | J Clin Virol2009，44，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Purification and a dehydrin involved in chilling tolerance during seedling emergence of cowpea 显示文摘 | Ismail A M Hall A E Close T partial characterization of Sequence and their Biology J | 1999 | Plant Physiology1999，120，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Nutritive value of chicory and english plantain forage显示文摘 | Sanderson M A Labreveux M Hall M H | 2003 | Crop Science2003，43，： | 1 |
| 16 | The burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children 显示文摘 | Hall C B Weinberg G A Iwane M K | 2009 | New England Journal of Medicine2009，360，6： | 1 |
| 17 | How Much Do High-Performance Work Practices Matter? A Me- ta-Analysis of Their Effects on Organizational Per- formance 显示文摘 | COMBS J LIU Y M HALL A | 2006 | Personnel Psychology2006，59，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Upconverting phosphor reporters in immunoehromatographic assays 显示文摘 | Hampl J Hall M Mufti N A | 2001 | Anal Bio- ehem2001，288，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Calculation of lipophilieity of a large, diverse dataset of antieancer platinum complexes and the relation to cellular uptake 显示文摘 | Oldfield S P Hall M D Platts J A | 2007 | Journal of medicinal chemistry2007，50，21： | 1 |
| 20 | Central and peripheral dopamine D1/DA 1 receptor modulation of gastric secretion and experimental gastric mucosal injury显示文摘 | Glavin G B Hall A M | 1995 | General Pharmacology1995，26，6： | 1 |
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