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| 1 | Early diversification of birds: Evidence from a new opposite bird显示文摘A new enantiornithine bird Longipteryx chao-yangensis gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Chaoyang, western Liaoning Province. This new bird is distinguishable from other known enantiornithines in having uncinate processes in ribs, elongate jaws, relatively long wings and short hindlimbs, and metatarsal Ⅳ longer than metatarsals Ⅱ and Ⅲ. This new bird had probably possessed (i) modern bird-like thorax which provides firm attachment for muscles and indicates powerful and active respiratory ability; (ii) powerful flying ability; (iii) special adaptation for feeding on aquatic preys; and (iv) trochleae of metatarsals Ⅰ-Ⅳ almost on the same level, an adaptation for perching. The new bird represents a new ecological type different from all known members of Enantiornithes. It shows that enantiornithines had probably originated earlier than the Early Cretaceous, or this group had experienced a rapid radiation right after it first occurred in the early Early | ZHANG Fucheng ZHOU Zhonghe HOU Lianhai GU Gang | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，11： | 26 |
| 2 | Effects of mycophenolate mofetil,valsartan and their combined therapy on preventing podocyte loss in early stage of diabetic nephropathy in rats显示文摘背景 Podocyte 在糖尿病的 nephropathy (DN ) 的发展有煽动性的角色。Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF ) ,一个反煽动性的代理人,能压制巨噬细胞渗入并且在导致 streptozotocin 的糖尿病的老鼠减少肾的损害。血管收缩素受体 blocker (ARB ) ,另一个肾的保护代理人,在 DN 的罐头减少 podocyte 损失。在这研究,我们检测了单核白血球 chemoattractant protein-1 ( MCP-1 )和 nephrin 的表示层次独自并且在有 valsartan 的联合在 DN 在煽动性的反应评估 podocyte 的角色,观察并且比较 MMF 的效果,在在 streptozotocin ( STZ )阻止 podocyte 损失以后,导致的糖尿病的 rats.Methods 糖尿病患者模型被 STZ ( 65 mg/kg )的单个腹注射在 uninephrectomized 男性 Wistar 老鼠构造。成功地导致的糖尿病的老鼠随机被划分成四个组:没有处理组(DM ) 的糖尿病, valsartan 对待组(DMV ) , MMF 对待组(DMM ) ,并且联合了治疗组(DMVM ) 。一样的兄弟的正常老鼠被选择为控制(NC ) 。在第 8 星期的结束,浆液生物化学, 24 小时的尿蛋白质(起来) 并且肾重量 / 身体重量(RWK/B ) 的比率被测量。老鼠通过光和电子显微镜为肾的 histomorphology 的观察被牺牲。Nephrin, desmin 和 MCP-1 层次被半量的 immunohistochemical 试金检测。实时量的 PCR 被用来与组 NC 相比检测 nephrin 和 MCP-1.Results 的 mRNA 层次,浆液葡萄糖水平,在上面 24 小时并且在组 DM 的 RWK/B 显著地更高(P0.01 ) ,并且在 DM 组的 nephrin mRNA 水平显著地更低(P0.05 ) 。在组 DMV, DMM 和 DMVM 的 nephrin mRNA 表示层次都比 DM 组(P0.05 ) 的高,没有重要差别在三个处理组(P0.05 ) 之中被发现。有 MMF, valsartan 或他们的联合的处理能显著地减少在上面 24 小时并且 RWK/B,并且在糖尿病的老鼠压制 glomerulosclerosis 和空隙的 fibrotic 损害。在糖尿病的老鼠,在肾的 desmin 和 MCP-1 的高表情被 valsartan, MMF 或他们的 combination.Conclusions 压制 Podocytes 涉及糖尿病的老鼠的煽动性的反应。MMF 能压制 MCP-1 和 desmin 表示,提高 nephrin 表示,并且稀释在糖尿病的老鼠的 proteinuria。valsartan 和 MMF 的联合治疗没在肾的保护上在 monotherapies 上显示出任何优势。MMF 可以通过阻止 podocytes 损失和反煽动性的活动在糖尿病的 nephropathy 的早阶段有 renoprotective 效果。 | ZHANG Yan CHEN Bing HOU Xiang-hua GUAN Guang-ju LIU Gang LIU Hai-ying LI Xue-gang | 2007 | Chinese Medical Journal2007，，11： | 23 |
| 3 | Precise nanomedicine for intelligent therapy of cancer显示文摘Precise nanomedicine has been extensively explored for efficient cancer imaging and targeted cancer therapy, as evidenced by a few breakthroughs in their preclinical and clinical explorations. Here, we demonstrate the recent advances of intelligent cancer nanomedicine, and discuss the comprehensive understanding of their structure-function relationship for smart and efficient cancer nanomedicine including various imaging and therapeutic applications, as well as nanotoxicity. In particular, a few emerging strategies that have advanced cancer nanomedicine are also highlighted as the emerging focus such as tumor imprisonment, supramolecular chemotherapy, and DNA nanorobot. The challenge and outlook of some scientific and engineering issues are also discussed in future development. We wish to highlight these new progress of precise nanomedicine with the ultimate goal to inspire more successful explorations of intelligent nanoparticles for future clinical translations. | Huabing Chen Zhanjun Gu Hongwei An Chunying Chen Jie Chen Ran Cui Siqin Chen Weihai Chen Xuesi Chen Xiaoyuan Chen Zhuo Chen Baoquan Ding Qian Dong Qin Fan Ting Fu Dayong Hou Qiao Jiang Hengte Ke Xiqun Jiang Gang Liu Suping Li Tianyu Li Zhuang Liu Guangjun Nie Muhammad Ovais Daiwen Pang Nasha Qiu Youqing Shen Huayu Tian Chao Wang Hao Wang Ziqi Wang Huaping Xu Jiang-Fei Xu Xiangliang Yang Shuang Zhu Xianchuang Zheng Xianzheng Zhang Yanbing Zhao Weihong Tan Xi Zhang Yuliang Zhao | 2018 | Science China Chemistry2018，61，12： | 19 |
| 4 | Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan,a traditional Chinese medicine formula, ameliorates Pseudomonas aeruginosa–induced acute lung inflammation by regulation of PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways显示文摘Gram-negative pathogen–induced nosocomial infections and resistance are a most serious menace to global public health. Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan(QF), a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula, has been used clinically in China for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, acute or chronic bronchitis and pulmonary infection. In this study, the effects of QF on Pseudomonas aeruginosa–induced acute pneumonia in mice were evaluated. The mechanisms by which four typical antiinflammatory ingredients from QF, arctigenin(ATG), cholic acid(CLA), chlorogenic acid(CGA) and sinapic acid(SPA), regulate anti-inflammatory signaling pathways and related targets were investigated using molecular biology and molecular docking techniques. The results showed that pretreatment with QF significantly inhibits the release of cytokines(TNF-α and IL-6) and chemokines(IL-8 and RANTES),reduces leukocytes recruitment into inflamed tissues and ameliorates pulmonary edema and necrosis. In addition, ATG was identified as the primary anti-inflammatory agent with action on the PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways. CLA and CGA enhanced the actions of ATG and exhibited synergistic NF-κB inactivation effects possibly via the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, CLA is speculated to target FGFR and MEK firstly. Overall, QF regulated the PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways to inhibit pathogenic bacterial infections effectively. | Yuanyuan Hou Yan Nie Binfeng Cheng Jin Tao Xiaoyao Ma Min Jiang Jie Gao Gang Bai | 2016 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2016，6，3： | 17 |
| 5 | Effects of warming and clipping on plant and soil properties of an alpine meadow in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China显示文摘Climate warming and livestock grazing are known to have great influences on alpine ecosystems like those of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP) in China. However, it is lacking of studies on the effects of warming and grazing on plant and soil properties in these alpine ecosystems. In this study, we reported the related research from manipulative experiment in 2010–2012 in the QTP. The aim of this study was to investigate the individual and combined effects of warming and clipping on plant and soil properties in the alpine meadow ecosystem. Infrared radiators were used to simulate climate warming starting in July 2010, while clipping was performed once in October 2011 to simulate the local livestock grazing. The experiment was designed as a randomized block consisting of five replications and four treatments: control(CK), warming(W), clipping(C) and warming+clipping combination(WC). The plant and soil properties were investigated in the growing season of the alpine meadow in 2012. The results showed that W and WC treatments significantly decreased relative humidity at 20-cm height above ground as well as significantly increases air temperature at the same height, surface temperature, and soil temperature at the depth of 0–30 cm. However, the C treatment did not significantly decrease soil moisture and soil temperature at the depth of 0–60 cm. Relative to CK, vegetation height and species number increased significantly in W and WC treatment, respectively, while vegetation aboveground biomass decreased significantly in C treatment in the early growing season. However, vegetation cover, species diversity, belowground biomass and soil properties at the depth of 0–30 cm did not differ significantly in W, C and WC treatments. Soil moisture increased at the depth of 40–100 cm in W and WC treatments, while belowground biomass, soil activated carbon, organic carbon and total nitrogen increased in the 30–50 cm soil layer in W, C and WC treatments. Although the initial responses of plant and soil properties to experimental warming and clipping were slow and weak, the drought induced by the downward shift of soil moisture in the upper soil layers may induce plant belowground biomass to transfer to the deeper soil layers. This movement would modify the distributions of soil activated carbon, organic carbon and total nitrogen. However, long-term data collection is needed to further explain this interesting phenomenon. | Man Hou XU Fei PENG Quan Gang YOU Jian GUO Xia Fei TIAN Min LIU Xian XUE | 2015 | Journal of Arid Land2015，7，2： | 14 |
| 6 | Management of granulomatous lobular mastitis: an international multidisciplinary consensus(2021 edition)显示文摘Granulomatous lobular mastitis(GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM. Literature was reviewed using PubMed from January 1, 1971 to July 31, 2020. Sixty-six international experienced multidisciplinary experts from 11 countries or regions were invited to review the evidence.Levels of evidence were determined using the American College of Physicians grading system, and recommendations were discussed until consensus. Experts discussed and concluded 30 recommendations on historical definitions,etiology and predisposing factors, diagnosis criteria, treatment, clinical stages, relapse and recurrence of GLM. GLM was recommended as a widely accepted definition. In addition, this consensus introduced a new clinical stages and management algorithm for GLM to provide individual treatment strategies. In conclusion, diagnosis of GLM depends on a combination of history, clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, laboratory examinations and pathology.The approach to treatment of GLM should be applied according to the different clinical stage of GLM. This evidencebased consensus would be valuable to assist front-line surgeons and medical specialists in the optimal management of GLM. | Qian-Qian Yuan Shu-Yuan Xiao Omar Farouk Yu-Tang Du Fereshte Sheybani Qing Ting Tan Sami Akbulut Kenan Cetin Afsaneh Alikhassi Rami Jalal Yaghan Irmak Durur-Subasi Fatih Altintoprak Tae Ik Eom Fatih Alper Mustafa Hasbahceci David Martínez-Ramos Pelin Seher Oztekin Ava Kwong Cedric W.Pluguez-Turul Kirstyn EBrownson Shirish Chandanwale Mehran Habib Liu-Yi Lan Rui Zhou Xian-Tao Zeng Jiao Bai Jun-Wen Bai Qiong-Rong Chen Xing Chen Xiao-Ming Zha Wen-Jie Dai Zhi-Jun Dai Qin-Yu Feng Qing-Jun Gao Run-Fang Gao Bao-San Han Jin-Xuan Hou Wei Hou Hai-Ying Liao Hong Luo Zheng-Ren Liu Jing-Hua Lu Bin Luo Xiao-Peng Ma Jun Qian Jian-Yong Qin Wei Wei Gang Wei Li-Ying Xu Hui-Chao Xue Hua-Wei Yang Wei-Ge Yang Chao-Jie Zhang Fan Zhang Guan-Xin Zhang Shao-Kun Zhang Shu-Qun Zhang Ye-Qiang Zhang Yue-Peng Zhang Sheng-Chu Zhang Dai-Wei Zhao Xiang-Min Zheng Le-Wei Zheng Gao-Ran Xu Wen-Bo Zhou Gao-Song Wu | 2022 | Military Medical Research2022，9，4： | 13 |
| 7 | Laparoscopic hepaticoplasty using gallbladder as a subcutaneous tunnel for hepatolithiasis显示文摘AIM:To investigate the feasibility,efficacy and safety of laparoscopic hepaticoplasty using gallbladder as subcutaneous tunnel and sphincter-of-Oddi preservation for hepatolithiasis.METHODS:From January 2010 to July 2013,six patients with hepatolithiasis were treated at our institution.All the patients underwent laparoscopic surgery.The procedures included common hepatic duct exploration,stone clearance by fiberoptic choledochoscopy,hilar bile duct hepaticoplasty with preservation of the sphincter of Oddi,anastomosis between the hilar bile duct and neck of the gallbladder,and establishment of a subcutaneous tunnel with the gallbladder.Two patients underwent left lateral hepatectomy simultaneously.Clinical data including operation time,intraoperative blood loss,operative morbidity,hospital mortality,stone clearance,and recurrence rate were analyzed.RESULTS:All patients successfully completed laparoscopic surgery.The mean length of hospital stay was4.5±0.9 d(range:3-6 d).The mean blood loss of the hepatectomy was 450 mL(range:200-700 mL),and the blood loss of the other four was 137±151 mL (range:50-400 mL).The mean operative time was 318±68 min(range:236-450 min).The operative morbidity and hospital mortality were zero.The immediate stone clearance rate was 100%.All patients were followed up for an average of 17 mo(range:7-36 mo).One of the six patients had abdominal mass with pain,and subcutaneous tunnel cholangiography showed severe gallbladder-biliary anastomotic stricture at 4 mo postoperatively.There was no stone recurrence and no cholangitis during follow-up.CONCLUSION:Laparoscopic hepaticoplasty using gallbladder with a subcutaneous tunnel and preserving the sphincter of Oddi is feasible,safe and effective for hepatholithiasis. | Long Cui Zhi Xu Xiao-Feng Ling Li-Xin Wang Chun-Sheng Hou Gang Wang Xiao-Si Zhou | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，12： | 13 |
| 8 | Hollow iron oxide nanoparticles as multidrug resistant drug delivery and imaging vehicles显示文摘磁性的 nanoparticles 对很多个癌症房间被用作药交货车辆。大多数这些 theranostic 明确的表达使用了为两磁性的回声成像(MRI ) 和癌症治疗作为 nano 搬运人明确的表达与 chemotherapeutics 装载的稳固的氧化铁 nanoparticles (SIONP ) 。在这研究,我们使用了 dopamine-plus-human 浆液白朊(HSA ) 方法在 nano 搬运人的空多孔的结构以内修改空氧化铁 nanoparticles (HIONP ) 和 encapsuated doxorubicin (纪录影片) 。新交货系统能用一样的涂层策略比一样的核心尺寸的稳固的氧化铁 nanoparticles 装载更多的药。HIONPs 纪录影片明确的表达也有 pH 依赖的药版本行为。与免费纪录影片相比, HIONPs 纪录影片有效地是更多由 multidrug 的 uptaken 抵抗 OVCAR8-ADR 房间并且因而在杀死药的更多的有势力抵抗癌症房间。MRI 幽灵和房间研究也证明 HIONPs 纪录影片能减少当充当药交货车辆时, T 2 MRI 信号紧张和罐头被用作一个 MRI 对比代理人。第一次, chemo 药运输的双申请和用 HIONPs 纪录影片明确的表达的先生成像对纪录影片敏感、纪录影片抵抗的癌症房间被完成。 | Ruijun Xing Ashwinkumar A. Bhirde Shouju Wang Xiaolian Sun Gang Liu Yanglong Hou Xiaoyuan Chen | 2013 | Nano Research2013，6，1： | 11 |
| 9 | Ursolic acid reduces hepatocellular apoptosis and alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury via irreversible inhibition of CASP3 in vivo显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the pathogenic factors of chronic liver disease with the highest clinical morbidity worldwide. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic terpenoid carboxylic acid, has shown many health benefits including antioxidative, anti- inflammatory, anticancer, and hepatoprotective activities. We previously found that UA was metabolized in vivo into epoxy- modified UA containing an epoxy electrophilic group and had the potential to react with nucleophilic groups. In this study we prepared an alkynyl-modified UA (AM-UA) probe for tracing and capturing the target protein of UA from liver in mice, then investigated the mode by which UA bound to its target in vivo. By conducting proteome identification and bioinformatics analysis, we identified caspase-3 (CASP3) as the primary target protein of UA associated with liver protection. Molecule docking analysis showed that the epoxy group of the UA metabolite reacted with Cys-163 of CASP3, forming a covalent bond with CASP3. The binding mode of the UA metabolites (UA, CM-UA, and EM-UA) was verified by biochemical evaluation, demonstrating that the epoxy group produced by metabolism played an important role in the inhibition of CASP3. In alcohol-treated HepG2 cells, pretreatment with the UA metabolite (10 μM) irreversibly inhibited CASP3 activities, and subsequently decreased the cleavage of PARP and cell apoptosis. Finally, pre-administration of UA (20–80 mg· kg−1 per day, ig, for 1 week) dose-dependently alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury in mice mainly via the inhibition of CASP3. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that UA is a valuable lead compound for the treatment of ALD. | Xiao-yao Ma Man Zhang Ge Fang Chuan-jing Cheng Mu-kuo Wang Yi-man Han Xiao-tao Hou Er-wei Hao Yuan-yuan Hou Gang Bai | 2021 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2021，42，7： | 11 |
| 10 | Effect of Morinda officinalis capsule on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats显示文摘AIM:To explore the therapeutic effects of Morinda officinalis capsules(MOP) on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.METHOD:Six-month-old female Sprague–Dawley rats were induced for postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP) by bilateral ovariectomy and divided into seven groups as follows:sham-operated group,ovariectomized(OVX) control group,OVX treated with xianlinggubao(XLGB)(270 mg·kg-1·d-1),OVX treated with alendronate sodium(ALN)(3 mg·kg-1·d-1),and OVX treated with Morinda officinalis capsule(MOP) of graded doses(90,270 and 810 mg·kg-1·d-1) groups.Oral treatments were administered daily on the 4th week after ovariectomy and lasted for 12 weeks.The bone mineral density was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.The tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),and osteocalcin(OC) levels in the serum and plasma were determined by standard colorimetric and enzyme immunoassays methods.Bone biomechanical properties and morphological parameters were analyzed by three-point bending test and histomorphometry respectively.RESULTS:Morinda officinalis capsules at all doses were able to significantly prevent the OVX-induced loss of bone mass due to diminishing serum AKP and TRAP levels while elevating OC level in the plasma.Morinda officinalis capsules also enhanced the bone strength and prevented the deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture.CONCLUSION:Morinda officinalis capsules possess potent anti-osteoporotic activity in OVX rats which could be an effective treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. | LI Ye Lü Shan-Shan TANG Gui-Ying HOU Min TANG Qing ZHANG Xiao-Na CHEN Wei-Hai CHEN Gang XUE Qiang ZHANG Cong-Cong ZHANG Ji-Fen CHEN Yi XU Xiao-Yu | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines2014，12，3： | 10 |
| 11 | Efficacy and Safety of Teriflunomide in Chinese Patients with Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis: A Subgroup Analysis of the Phase 3 TOWER Study显示文摘Background:Disease-modifying therapy is the standard treatment for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)in remission.The primary objective of the current analysis was to assess the efficacy and safety of two teriflunomide doses (7mg and 14mg)in the subgroup of Chinese patients with relapsing MS included in the TOWER study. Methods:TOWER was a multicenter,multinational,randomized, double-blind,parallel-group (three groups),placebo-controlled study.This subgroup analysis includes 148 Chinese patients randomized to receive either teriflunomide 7mg (n =51), teriflunomide 14mg (n=43),or placebo (n=54). Results:Of the 148patients in the intent-to-treat population, adjusted annualized-relapse rates were 0.63(95% confidence interval [CI]:0.44,0.92)in the placebo group,0.48(95%CI:0.33, 0.70)in the teriflunomide 7mg group,and 0.18(95%CI:0.09,0.36)in the terifltmomide 14mg group;this corresponded to a significant relative risk reduction in the teriflunomide 14mg group versus placebo (-71.2%,P =0.0012).Terifiunomide 14mg also tended to reduce 12-week confirmed disability worsening by 68.1% compared with placebo (hazard ratio:0.319,P =0.1194).There were no differences across all treatment groups in the proportion of patients with treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs;72.2% in the placebo group,74.5%in the teriflunomide 7mg group,and 69.8% in the teriflunomide 14mg group);corresponding proportions for serious adverse events were 11.1%,3.9%,and 11.6%,respectively.The most frequently reported TEAEs with teriflunomide versus placebo were neutropenia,increased alanine aminotransferase,and hair thinning. Conclusions:Teriflunomide was as effective and safe in the Chinese subpopulation as it was in the overall population of patients in the TOWER trial.Teriflunomide has the potential to meet unmet medical needs for MS patients in China. | Wei Qiu De-Hui Huang Shi-Fang Hou Mei-Ni Zhang Tao Jin Hui-Qing Dong Hua Peng Chao-Dong Zhang Gang Zhao Yi-Ning Huang Dong Zhou Wei-Ping Wu Bao-Jun Wang Ji-Mei Li Xing-Hu Zhang Yan Cheng Hai-Feng Li Ling Li Chuan-Zhen Lu Xu Zhang Bi-Tao Bu Wan-Li Dong Dong-Sheng Fan Xue-Qiang Hu Xian-Hao Xu | 2018 | Chinese Medical Journal2018，，23： | 10 |
| 12 | Integrated Systems Biology and Chemical Biology Approach to Exploring Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicines显示文摘After thousands of years of development, traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) have evolved into a complete scientific system characterized by multiple components, targets, and pathways, which mediates numerous pharmacological activities and efficacies. The development of '-omics' technology, including systems biology and network pharmacology, has enabled the illustration of TCMs from a more systematic view. Although the network adequately reflects the overall philosophy of TCMs, its complexity hinders the relevant research to a hover. In addition, the strategies involved appear to be in contrast to the original concise and efficacious disease therapy oriented focus on classic Chinese material medica(CMM). Based on the established holistic view and reductionism, in this review, we discuss an integrated systems biology and chemical biology research approach that will facilitate and accelerate the understanding of the mechanisms of TCMs. Furthermore, we are optimistic that it will elucidate the associated interactions between active natural products and their targets, and ultimately improve the strategies for complex disease therapies. | Gang Bai Yuan-yuan Hou Min Jiang Jie Gao | 2016 | Chinese Herbal Medicines2016，8，2： | 8 |
| 13 | The synergistic anti-asthmatic effects of glycyrrhizin and salbutamol显示文摘 | Yang YANG Qian SHI Ze LIU Ruo-jie LI Peng-wei PAN Yuan-yuan HOU Wan-ge LU Gang BAI | 2010 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2010，31，4： | 8 |
| 14 | The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)显示文摘The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST's special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m-4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror's surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects. | Xiang-Qun Cui Yong-Heng Zhao Yao-Quan Chu Guo-Ping Li Qi Li Li-Ping Zhang Hong-Jun Su Zheng-Qiu Yao Ya-Nan Wang Xiao-Zheng Xing Xin-Nan Li Yong-Tian Zhu Gang Wang Bo-Zhong Gu A-Li Luo Xin-Qi Xu Zhen-Chao Zhang Gen-Rong Liu Hao-Tong Zhang De-Hua Yang Shu-Yun Cao Hai-Yuan Chen Jian-Jun Chen Kun-Xin Chen Ying Chen Jia-Ru Chu Lei Feng Xue-Fei Gong Yong-Hui Hou Hong-Zhuan Hu Ning-Sheng Hu Zhong-Wen Hu Lei Jia Fang-Hua Jiang Xiang Jiang Zi-Bo Jiang Ge Jin Ai-Hua Li Yan Li Ye-Ping Li Guan-QunLiu Zhi-Gang Liu Huo-Ming Shi Zheng-Hong Tang Qing-Sheng Tao Xiang-Yan Yuan Chao Zhai Jing Zhang Yan-Xia Zhang Yong Zhang Ming Zhao Fang Zhou Guo-Hua Zhou Jie Zhu Si-Cheng Zou | 2012 | Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics2012，12，9： | 8 |
| 15 | Mapping the bathymetry of shallow coastal water using singleframe fine-resolution optical remote sensing imagery显示文摘This paper presents a bathymetry inversion method using single-frame fine-resolution optical remote sensing imagery based on ocean-wave refraction and shallow-water wave theory. First, the relationship among water depth, wavelength and wave radian frequency in shallow water was deduced based on shallow-water wave theory.Considering the complex wave distribution in the optical remote sensing imagery, Fast Fourier Transform(FFT)and spatial profile measurements were applied for measuring the wavelengths. Then, the wave radian frequency was calculated by analyzing the long-distance fluctuation in the wavelength, which solved a key problem in obtaining the wave radian frequency in a single-frame image. A case study was conducted for Sanya Bay of Hainan Island, China. Single-frame fine-resolution optical remote sensing imagery from Quick Bird satellite was used to invert the bathymetry without external input parameters. The result of the digital elevation model(DEM)was evaluated against a sea chart with a scale of 1:25 000. The root-mean-square error of the inverted bathymetry was 1.07 m, and the relative error was 16.2%. Therefore, the proposed method has the advantages including no requirement for true depths and environmental parameters, and is feasible for mapping the bathymetry of shallow coastal water. | LI Jiran ZHANG Huaguo HOU Pengfei FU Bin ZHENG Gang | 2016 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2016，35，1： | 7 |
| 16 | Seismogenic Structure of the April 20, 2013, Lushan Ms7 Earthquake in Sichuan显示文摘At 08:02 on April 20, 2013, a Ms7.0 earthquake occurred in Lushan, Ya'an, in the Longmenshan fault zone, Sichuan. The epicenter was located between Taiping Town and Shuangshi Town, Lushan County and the maximum earthquake intensity at the epicenter reached class IX. Field investigations in the epicenter area found that, although buildings were seriously damaged, no obvious surface rupture structure was produced, only some ground fissures and sand blows and water ejection phenomena being seen. An integrated analysis of high-resolution remote sensing image interpretation, mainshock and aftershock distribution, and focal mechanism solutions indicated that this earthquake was an independent rupturing event in the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, belonging to the thrust-type earthquake. Ruptures occurred along the south-central segment of the Shuangshi-Dachuan fault and the principal rupture plane dipped SW at 33-43°. It is inferred that the Lushan earthquake might be related to the ramp activity of the basal detachment zone (13-19 km) of the Longmenshan fault zone. Historically, there occurred at least two Ms6-6.5 earthquakes along the Shuangshi-Dachuan fault zone; thus it is thought that the Lushan earthquake, different from the Wenchuan earthquake, was a characteristic one in the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone. In-situ stress measurements indicated the Lushan earthquake was the result of stress release of the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone after the Wenchuan earthquake. This paper analyzes the tectonic setting of the seismogenic structure of this earthquake. | ZHANG Yueqiao DONG Shuwen HOU Chuntang SHI Jusong WU Zhonghai LI Hailong SUN Ping LIU Gang LI Jian | 2013 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2013，87，3： | 7 |
| 17 | Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the survival of patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma after curative treatment显示文摘Background: The TNM staging system is far from perfect in predicting the survival of individual cancer patients because only the gross anatomy is considered. The survival rates of the patients who have the same TNM stage disease vary across a wide spectrum. This study aimed to develop a nomogram that incorporates other clinicopathologic factors for predicting the overall survival(OS) of non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) patients after curative treatments.Methods: We retrospectively collected the clinical data of 1520 NPC patients who were diagnosed histologically between November 2000 and September 2003. The clinical data of a separate cohort of 464 patients who received intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) between 2001 and 2010 were also retrieved to examine the extensibility of the model. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the prognostic factors for building the nomogram. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured using the concordance index(c-index).Results: We identiied and incorporated 12 independent clinical factors into the nomogram. The calibration curves showed that the prediction of OS was in good agreement with the actual observation in the internal validation set and IMRT cohort. The c-index of the nomogram was statistically higher than that of the 7th edition TNM staging system for predicting the survival in both the primary cohort(0.69 vs. 0.62) and the IMRT cohort(0.67 vs. 0.63).Conclusion: We developed and validated a novel nomogram that outperformed the TNM staging system in predicting the OS of non-metastatic NPC patients who underwent curative therapy. | Wenhua Liang Guanzhu Shen Yaxiong Zhang Gang Chen Xuan Wu Yang Li Anchuan Li Shiyang Kang Xi Yuan Xue Hou Peiyu Huang Yan Huang Hongyun Zhao Ying Tian Chong Zhao Li Zhang | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2016，35，12： | 6 |
| 18 | Design and manufacture AR head-mounted displays:A review and outlook显示文摘Augmented reality head-mounted displays(AR-HMDs)enable users to see real images of the outside world and visualize virtual information generated by a computer at any time and from any location,making them useful for various applications.The manufacture of AR-HMDs combines the fields of optical engineering,optical materials,optical coating,precision manufacturing,electronic science,computer science,physiology,ergonomics,etc.This paper primarily focuses on the optical engineering of AR-HMDs.Optical combiners and display devices are used to combine real-world and virtual-world objects that are visible to the human eye.In this review,existing AR-HMD optical solutions employed for optical combiners are divided into three categories:optical solutions based on macro-,micro-,and nanooptics.The physical principles,optical structure,performance parameters,and manufacturing process of different types of AR-HMD optical solutions are subsequently analyzed.Moreover,their advantages and disadvantages are investigated and evaluated.In addition,the bottlenecks and future development trends in the case of AR-HMD optical solutions are discussed. | Dewen Cheng Qiwei Wang Yue Liu Hailong Chen Dongwei Ni Ximeng Wang Cheng Yao Qichao Hou Weihong Hou Gang Luo Yongtian Wang | 2021 | Light(Advanced Manufacturing)2021，2，3： | 6 |
| 19 | Oddi sphincter preserved cholangioplasty with hepaticosubcutaneous stoma for hepatolithiasis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of Oddi sphincter preserved cholangioplasty with hepaticosubcutaneous stoma(OSPCHS) and risk factors for recurrence in hepatolithiasis.METHODS: From March 1993 to December 2012, 202 consecutive patients with hepatolithiasis underwent OSPCHS at our department. The Oddi sphincter preserved procedure consisted of common hepatic duct exploration, stone extraction, hilar bile duct plasty, establishment of subcutaneous stoma to the bile duct. Patients with recurrent stones can undergo stone extraction and/or biliary drainage via the subcutaneous stoma which can be incised under local anesthesia. The long-term results were reviewed. Cox regression model was employed to analyze the risk factors for stone recurrence.RESULTS: Ninety-seven(48.0%) OSPCHS patients underwent hepatic resection concomitantly. The rate of surgical complications was 10.4%. There was no perioperative death. The immediate stone clearance rate was 72.8%. Postoperative cholangioscopic lithotomy raised the clearance rate to 97.0%. With a median follow-up period of 78.5 mo(range: 2-233 mo), 24.8% of patients had recurrent stones, 2.5% had late development of cholangiocarcinoma, and the mortality rate was 5.4%. Removal of recurrent stones and/or drainage of inflammatory bile via subcutaneous stoma were conducted in 44(21.8%) patients. The clearance rate of recurrent stones was 84.0% after subsequent choledochoscopic lithotripsy via subcutaneous stoma.Cox regression analysis showed that residual stone was an independent prognostic factor for stone recurrence.CONCLUSION: In selected patients with hepatolithiasis, OSPCHS achieves excellent long-term outcomes, and residual stone is an independent prognostic factor for stone recurrence. | Yu-Gui Lian Wei-Tao Zhang Zhi Xu Xiao-Feng Ling Li-Xin Wang Chun-Sheng Hou Gang Wang Long Cui Xiao-Si Zhou | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，45： | 6 |
| 20 | Upregulated KPNA2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and indicates prognostic significance across human cancer types显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most aggressive cancers worldwide.Identification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of HCC is particularly important.Here,we demonstrated the expression pattern,clinical significance,and function of Karyopherin α2(KPNA2)in HCC.The expression of KPNA2 was upregulated in tumor tissue and negatively associated with the survival time,and a significant correlation between KPNA2 expression and aggressive clinical characteristics was established.Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that knockdown of KPNA2 reduced migration and proliferation capacities of HCC cells,while over-expression of KPNA2 increased these malignant characteristics.The analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas cohorts also reveals that high-KPNA2 expression is associated with poor outcome in multiple cancer types.In addition,gene sets enrichment analysis exhibited cell cycle and DNA replication as the top altered pathways in the high-KPNA2 expression group in HCC and other two cancer types.Overall,this study identified KPNA2 as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC and other neoplasms,probably by regulating cell cycle and DNA replication. | Xinggang Guo Zhiheng Wang Jianing Zhang Qingguo Xu Guojun Hou Yuan Yang Chuanpeng Dong Gang Liu Chenhua Liang Lei Liu Weiping Zhou Hui Liu | 2019 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2019，51，3： | 6 |
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